1 Introduction

2. Motivation: Science Policy Questions

2.1 Transboundary transport of fire-emitted compounds

2.2 Fire variability and uncertainty

2.3 Similarities and differences between different pollutants

2.4 Questions identified by the research community, but that are beyond the scope of this study

3 Scope and background information

3.1 Pollutants of interest

3.1.1 Tropospheric ozone and its precursors

3.1.2 Methane

3.1.3 Particulate Matter

3.1.4 Mercury

3.1.5 Persistent organic pollutants

3.1.6 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

3.1.7 Other metals and trace elements

3.2 Impacts from fires

3.2.1 Human health

3.2.2 Climate and radiative forcing (RF)

3.2.3 Ecosystems

3.2.4 Socioeconomics and fire management decisions

3.2.5 The role of atmospheric long-range transport

3.3 Leveraging recent and ongoing efforts

4. Discussion of modelling options

4.1 Model types and scope

4.2 Available emissions inputs for historical and future simulations

4.2.1 Historical and future anthropogenic emissions

4.2.2 Historical biomass burning emissions

4.2.3 Future biomass burning emissions

4.2.4 Other emissions

4.3 Available meteorological inputs

4.3.1 Historical meteorological datasets

4.3.2 Future meteorological input

4.4 Observational data available for model evaluation

4.5 Experiment design and sensitivity analyses

4.5.1 How well do models perform? Baseline and case study simulations

4.5.2 What is the magnitude of pollution that comes from fires? Source-receptor/emissions perturbation experiments

4.5.3 What is the impact of different fire processes? Process perturbation experiments

4.5.4 How will fires and their impacts change in the future? Future scenario experiments.

5. Recommended Plan

5.1 Simulation periods

5.2 Inputs: Emissions and Meteorology

5.3 Model experiments

5.3.1 Details for fire process perturbation experiments (exp6)

5.3.2 Details for future experiments (exp4)

5.4 Model outputs

5.5 Post processing and analysis

5.5.1 Model evaluation: Comparison of experiments 1, 2, 3, and 6 to observations

5.5.2 Assessing health impacts of fires

5.5.3 Assessing climate impacts of fires

5.5.4 Assessing future vs historical changes

6 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

Data availability

References

Appendix